How to choose auxiliary gas for fiber laser cutting machines?

Laser cutting machines have broken traditional processing methods and are widely used in various industries with new cutting methods. Users who understand fiber laser cutting machines should know that they often use auxiliary gas during the cutting process, which is why many people are more concerned about the issue of "gas".
Before figuring out how to choose an auxiliary gas, it is important to first understand why auxiliary gas is used and its role. The first is to make the auxiliary gas react with the metal material to increase the capacity strength; the second is to help the equipment blow off the slag from the cutting area and clean the cutting seam; the third is to cool the adjacent area of the cutting seam to reduce the size of the Heat-affected zone; the fourth is to protect the focus lens to prevent the combustion products from contaminating the optical lens; in addition, some cutting gases can also play a role in protecting the base metal. The selection of gas pressure and type has a significant impact on the cutting process. Choosing the type of auxiliary gas will have a certain impact on the cutting performance, including cutting speed, cutting thickness, etc.
The auxiliary gases that laser cutting machines can use mainly include air, nitrogen, oxygen, and argon. Below, we will introduce the uses and characteristics of different auxiliary gases.
1. Air
Air can be directly provided through an air compressor, making it cheaper compared to other gases. Although the air contains approximately 20% oxygen, the cutting efficiency is much lower than that of oxygen, and the cutting ability is similar to that of nitrogen. There may be a trace of oxide film on the cutting surface, but it can be used as a measure to prevent the coating layer from falling off. The end face of the incision turns yellow.
The main materials used include aluminum, aluminum alloy, stainless copper, brass, etc. When cutting products with high quality requirements, aluminum, aluminum alloy, stainless steel, etc. are not suitable for air because air can oxidize the base material.
2. Nitrogen
Some metals use oxygen to form an oxide film on the cutting surface during cutting, and nitrogen can be used to prevent the occurrence of oxide film in non oxidizing cutting. It has the characteristics of direct welding, coating, and strong corrosion resistance. The end face of the incision turns white.
The main applicable plates include stainless steel, electroplated steel plate, brass, aluminum, aluminum alloy, etc.
3. Oxygen
Mainly used for laser cutting of carbon steel. By utilizing oxygen thermal reaction to improve cutting efficiency on a large scale, the generated oxide film will increase the spectral absorption factor of the reflective material's beam. The end face of the incision turns black or dark yellow.
Mainly suitable for rolling steel, tool plates, stainless steel, electroplated steel plates, copper, copper alloys, etc.
4. Argon gas
Argon is an inert gas used in laser cutting machines to prevent oxidation and nitridation. It is also used in welding and is more expensive compared to other processing gases, resulting in increased costs. The end face of the incision turns white.
The main materials used are titanium, titanium alloys, etc.

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